PEMODELAN MATEMATIS KINETIKA FERMENTASI LIMBAH NIRA AREN (ARENGA PINNATA) MENJADI ASAM ASETAT: STUDI OPTIMASI VARIABEL WAKTU, SUHU, DAN GEOMETRI WADAH UNTUK STANDARISASI PRODUKSI HERBISIDA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51574/hybrid.v3i2.4472Keywords:
fermentasi asetat, pemodelan kinetika, Acetobacter spp, optimasi bioreaktor, asam asetat bioherbisidaAbstract
Limbah nira aren (Arenga pinnata) yang terbuang tanpa pemanfaatan optimal merupakan permasalahan lingkungan sekaligus kehilangan potensi ekonomi. Penelitian ini mengembangkan model matematis berbasis simulasi numerik untuk mengoptimalkan produksi asam asetat melalui fermentasi asetat dengan fokus pada presisi parameter operasional. Tiga persamaan kinetika utama diintegrasikan: persamaan Monod untuk pertumbuhan biomassa Acetobacter spp., persamaan Luedeking-Piret untuk pembentukan produk, dan persamaan Arrhenius untuk ketergantungan suhu. Model diselesaikan menggunakan metode Runge-Kutta orde 4 (RK4) untuk menghasilkan prediksi kuantitatif. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa kondisi steady state dengan konsentrasi asam asetat maksimal tercapai pada hari ke-14, laju reaksi pada suhu 20°C mengalami penurunan hingga 45% dibandingkan suhu 30°C, dan pengisian wadah optimal berada pada 75% volume total untuk mencegah hipoksia. Model ini menghasilkan parameter operasional presisi yang dapat diterjemahkan menjadi rekomendasi desain teknologi: wadah terkalibrasi dengan garis penanda 75%, sistem isolasi termal untuk menjaga suhu ≥25°C, dan manajemen waktu panen tepat 14 hari. Penelitian ini memberikan landasan matematis untuk standarisasi produksi asam asetat sebagai bahan aktif bioherbisida dari limbah aren.
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