Pengaruh implementasi AI dan Scratch melalui PjBL Terhadap Kemampuan Computational Thinking Siswa Sekolah Dasar
https://doi.org/10.51574/jrip.v5i1.2360
Keywords:
artificial intelligence, scratch, project based learningAbstract
In today's digital age, computational thinking (CT) skills are essential, especially in education. Challenges arise in teaching CT to elementary school students, who often have difficulty in understanding computer logic and computer-based problem-solving approaches. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Scratch-based learning in improving 6th grade students' CT skills at Al Abidin ICT Elementary School. The research method used was quasi-experimental with experimental and control groups, where the experimental group received AI and Scratch learning interventions. Data were collected through pretest and posttest, and analyzed using SPSS. The results showed a significant improvement in CT skills in the experimental group, with statistical analysis results supporting the significant effect of AI learning. Students' responses to the learning platform www.aikids.id were also mostly positive. These results confirm that AI learning can be an effective approach to developing CT at the primary school level, with an impact not only on CT ability but also students' motivation and engagement in learning.
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References
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Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33–35. https://doi.org/10.1145/1118178.1118215
Yadav, A., Hong, H., & Stephenson, C. (2016). Computational thinking for All: Pedagogical Approaches to Embedding 21st Century Problem Solving in K-12 Classrooms. TechTrends, 60(6), 565–568. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-016-0087-7
Bower, M., Wood, L., Macquarie University, Lai, J., Macquarie University, Howe, C., Macquarie ICT Innovations Centre, Lister, R., University of Technology Sydney, Mason, R., Southern Cross University, Highfield, K., Macquarie University, Veal, J., & Macquarie University. (2017). Improving the Computational thinking Pedagogical Capabilities of School Teachers. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 42(3), 53–72. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2017v42n3.4
Chou, P.-N. (2020). Using ScratchJr to Foster Young Children’s Computational thinking Competence: A Case Study in a Third-Grade Computer Class. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 58(3), 570–595. https://doi.org/10.1177/0735633119872908
Chung, C.-J., & Shamir, L. (2021). Introducing Machine Learning with Scratch and Robots as a Pilot Program for K-12 Computer Science Education. International Journal of Learning and Teaching, 181–186. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijlt.7.3.181-186
Felicia, A., Sha’rif, S., Wong, W., & Mariappan, M. (2017). Computational thinking and Tinkering: Exploration Study of Primary School Students’ in Robotic and Graphical Programming. Asian Journal of Assessment in Teaching and Learning, 7, 44–54. https://doi.org/10.37134/ajatel.vol7.5.2017
Gan, W., Sun, Y., Ye, S., Fan, Y., & Sun, Y. (2019). AI-Tutor: Generating Tailored Remedial Questions and Answers Based on Cognitive Diagnostic Assessment. 2019 6th International Conference on Behavioral, Economic and Socio-Cultural Computing (BESC), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/BESC48373.2019.8963236
Hu, C. (2011). Computational thinking: What it might mean and what we might do about it. Proceedings of the 16th Annual Joint Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, 223–227. https://doi.org/10.1145/1999747.1999811
Huang, J., Saleh, S., & Liu, Y. (2021). A Review on Artificial Intelligence in Education. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 10(3), 206. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0077
Keski̇N, H. A., & Yilmaz, M. L. (2020). REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS AND METHODS IN ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION RESEARCH. Finansal Araştırmalar ve Çalışmalar Dergisi. https://doi.org/10.14784/marufacd.785236
Lye, S. Y., & Koh, J. H. L. (2014). Review on teaching and learning of computational thinking through programming: What is next for K-12? Computers in Human Behavior, 41, 51–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.09.012
Lye, S. Y., & Koh, J. H. L. (2018). Case Studies of Elementary Children’s Engagement in Computational thinking Through Scratch Programming. In M. S. Khine (Ed.), Computational thinking in the STEM Disciplines (pp. 227–251). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93566-9_12
Park, Y., & Shin, Y. (2019). Comparing the Effectiveness of Scratch and App Inventor with Regard to Learning Computational thinking Concepts. Electronics, 8(11), 1269. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8111269
Pratiwi, G. L., & Akbar, B. (2022). PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAPKETERAMPILANCOMPUTATIONAL THINKING MATEMATIS SISWA KELASIV SDN KEBON BAWANG 03 JAKARTA. Urnal Ilmiah PGSDFKIP Universitas Mandiri, 08.
Resnick, M., Maloney, J., Monroy-Hernández, A., Rusk, N., Eastmond, E., Brennan, K., Millner, A., Rosenbaum, E., Silver, J., Silverman, B., & Kafai, Y. (2009). Scratch: Programming for all. Communications of the ACM, 52(11), 60–67. https://doi.org/10.1145/1592761.1592779
Román-González, M., Pérez-González, J.-C., & Jiménez-Fernández, C. (2017). Which cognitive abilities underlie computational thinking? Criterion validity of the Computational thinking Test. Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 678–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.08.047
Tkáčová, Z., Šnajder, L., & Guniš, J. (2020). Artificial Intelligence – a new topic in Computer Science curriculum at primary and secondary schools: Challenges, opportunities, tools and approaches. 2020 43rd International Convention on Information, Communication and Electronic Technology (MIPRO), 747–749. https://doi.org/10.23919/MIPRO48935.2020.9245429
Van Dyne, M., & Braun, J. (2014). Effectiveness of a computational thinking (CS0) course on student analytical skills. Proceedings of the 45th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 133–138. https://doi.org/10.1145/2538862.2538956
Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33–35. https://doi.org/10.1145/1118178.1118215
Yadav, A., Hong, H., & Stephenson, C. (2016). Computational thinking for All: Pedagogical Approaches to Embedding 21st Century Problem Solving in K-12 Classrooms. TechTrends, 60(6), 565–568. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-016-0087-7
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Published
2025-04-30
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Setiawan, A., & Irawan, Y. A. (2025). Pengaruh implementasi AI dan Scratch melalui PjBL Terhadap Kemampuan Computational Thinking Siswa Sekolah Dasar . Jurnal Riset Dan Inovasi Pembelajaran, 5(1), 408–420. https://doi.org/10.51574/jrip.v5i1.2360
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